9/2/2023 0 Comments Attacks on smart grids![]() These two components are equally important for Industrial Automation & Control Systems (SCADA) and General-Purpose Information Technology Systems.Ĭonsidering that ICT layers constitute roughly three quarters of the Smart Grid architecture, the major challenges below will be easily understood: Non-repudiation refers to being able to prove that an action has been taken by the entity really responsible for that action.Authentication has been considered implicitly in the CIA Triad and deals with making sure that someone or something really is who or what it claims to be.There are two other security dimensions that need to be considered: authentication and non-repudiation.This is less critical when considering grid automation systems (SCADA) but absolutely crucial for end consumers. Confidentiality, preventing unauthorized access to private information.An example might be to guarantee that control commands and power control readings have not been modified during their transmission. Integrity, ensuring the fidelity of the information, which means identifying and preventing data to be modified without authorization.This is a critical aspect for Smart Grids systems supporting the Smart Grid automation, for example for SCADA servers of Distributed System Operators (DSO) or Transmission System Operators (TSO). Availability: focuses on identifying and assuring data and services that need to be available.Nevertheless, when it comes to managing the risks, prioritization and strategy, it is important to differentiate between the ICT component and the Industrial Control Systems (ICS) component. The CIA triad applies to both the General-Purpose Information Technology Systems (ICT Component) and the Industrial Automation & Control Systems (ICS Component). The security requirements for the Smart Grid are covered by the CIA Triad (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability). Software layer: meter data analysis (MDA), billing, outage management, load control, consumers and field engineers’ devices interface, GIS, wide area management systems, consumer information systems.System Integration Platform: computing infrastructure, networks and security management, application and data integration.Communication Layer: including home area, neighborhood, access & black-hole, core, office and external networks.The electrical flows are limited to this layer. Physical Layer: including Generation (cycling coal and natural gas-fired power plants with CCS, grid-based renewables, wind farms, nuclear power plants), Transmission, Distribution, Consumption and Grid-based Storage.The Smart Grid can be simplified and represented in four different layers: The cybersecurity vulnerabilities become even more evident due to the existing superannuated cyber infrastructure. The interdependencies of various subsystems functioning in the smart grid, if affected by cyber-attack, may be vulnerable and greatly reduce efficiency and reliability due to any one of the devices not responding in real time frame. If the energy grid is hacked, you may lose lives ![]() ![]() ![]() Criminal actors have identified opportunities to create business models with malware such as ransomware nation state actors explore capabilities in hybrid warfare. Non-secure systems are added, and existing non-secure systems get more exposure into an increasingly complex architecture of the overall grid system. Ten years ago, the energy grid was still a fully stand-alone system. However, the upcoming deployment of smart devices at different layers followed by their integration with communication networks may introduce cyber threats and this is why smart grid security is very important. The new generation sensors, smart meters and electronic devices are integral components of smart grid. Smart grid is an evolving new power system framework with Information and Communication Technology (ICT) driven power equipment and a massively layered structure. Smart Grid and Distribution System Cybersecurity Protection ![]()
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